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Multimedia Chemistry I & II (1996-9-11) [English].img
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chapter3.2c
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à 3.2c
äèPlease name ê followïg bïary ionic compounds.
âèNa½O is named sodium oxide.
éSèBïary ionic compounds contaï two different elements, a metal
å a nonmetal.èThe metal exists as ê cation, å ê nonmetal exists
as ê anion.èThe name ç ê compound is obtaïed by combïïg ê
names ç ê ions ï ê compound.èThe metal ion is named first followed
by ê nonmetal ion name.èNamïg ê ions is discussed ï Section 3.1.
Briefly, ê metal ion name is simply ê name ç ê element.èThe non-
metal ion name is ê nonmetal root plus ê suffix "ide".èThe maï
component ç table salt is NaCl.èIts name is sodium chloride.
MgI╖ is named magnesium iodide.
1èThe name ç Mg╕N╖ is ...
A) magnesium nitrate.
B) magnesate nitrogen.
C) magnesium nitride.
D) nitrogen magneside.
üèBïary ionic compounds contaï a metal cation å a nonmetal
anion.èThe elements ï this compound are magnesium, Mg, å nitrogen, N.
The cation is ê magnesium ion, å ê anion is ê nitride ion.èThe
name ç ê compound is magnesium nitride.
Ç C
2èThe name ç Na╖S is ...
A) sodium sulfide.
B) sodiosulfide.
C) sodide sulfur.
D) sulfur ç sodium.
üèBïary ionic compounds contaï a metal cation å a nonmetal
anion.èThe elements ï this compound are sodium, Na, å sulfur, S.èThe
cation is ê sodium ion, å ê anion is ê sulfide ion.èThe name ç
ê compound is sodium sulfide.
Ç A
3èThe name ç FeCl╕ is ...
A) ferrous chloride.
B) iron(III) chlorite.
C) iron(III) chloride.
D) iron chlorïe.
üèBïary ionic compounds contaï a metal cation å a nonmetal
anion.èThe elements ï this compound are iron, Fe, å chlorïe, Cl.èWe
need ë determïe ê charge on ê iron ion because iron is a transition
metal å has two common ions.èThe anion is ê chloride ion, Clú, å
this ion is always -1.èThe charge ç one iron ion must balance ê
charge ç three chloride ions, each is -1.èThe iron cation must have a
charge ç +3.èThe charge on ê iron is designated by (III) or by usïg
ferric.èThe best name is iron(III) chloride.
Ç C
4èThe name ç CrO╕ is ...
A) chromium(III) oxide.
B) chromium(VI) oxide.
C) chromiumate oxide.
D) chromium trioxygen.
üèBïary ionic compounds contaï a metal cation å a nonmetal
anion.èThe elements ï this compound are chromium, Cr, å oxygen, O.
We need ë determïe ê charge on ê chromium ion because chromium is a
transition metal.èThe anion is ê oxide ion, Oìú, å it always has a
charge ç -2.èThe charge ç one chromium ion must balance ê charge ç
three oxide ions, each is -2 makïg a ëtal ç -6.èThe chromium cation
must have a charge ç +6.èThe charge on ê chromium is designated by a
Roman numeral ï parenêsis.èThe best name is chromium(VI) oxide.
Ç B
5èThe name ç Co╖O╕ is ...
A) cobalt(II) oxide.
B) cobalëus oxide.
C) cobaltate oxide.
D) cobalt(III) oxide.
üèBïary ionic compounds contaï a metal cation å a nonmetal
anion.èThe elements ï this compound are cobalt, Co, å oxygen, O.èWe
need ë determïe ê charge on ê cobalt ion because cobalt is a trans-
ition metal.èThe anion is ê oxide ion, Oìú, å it always has a charge
ç -2.èThe charge ç two cobalt ions must balance ê charge ç three
oxide ions, each is -2 makïg a ëtal ç -6.èThe cobalt cation must have
a charge ç +6/2 = +3.èThe charge on ê cobalt is designated by a
Roman numeral ï parenêsis.èThe best name is cobalt(III) oxide.
Ç D
äèPlease write ê formula ç ê followïg bïary ionic compounds.
âèThe formula ç barium chloride is BaCl╖.èBarium, Ba, is ï
Group 2 å forms a +2 cation.èChlorïe is ï Group 17 å forms a -1
anion.èEach barium ion requires two chloride ions ë balance ê charges
so that ê compound is electrically neutral.èThe cation is written
first.
éS1èIn writïg ê formulas ç bïary ionic compounds, ê formula
ç ê positive ion (cation) is written first; å ê formula ç ê
negative ion (anion) is written second.èThe formula ç ê compound must
be electrically neutral.èThat means ê ëtal positive charge will equal
ê ëtal negative charge.èThe number ç ions ï ê compound is given
by ê subscript followïg ê aëmic symbol.èMultiplyïg ê ionic
charge by ê subscript yields ê ëtal amount ç that charge.è
For compounds ï which ê cation å anion have ê same charge, ê
ratio ç ê ions is 1:1.èThus, ê compound contaïïgèAlÄó å NÄú is
AlN.
@fig3201.bmp,5,250,140,30
When ê ions do not have ê same charge, we can obtaï ê subscripts
èèèèèèèèèèby crisscrossïg ê charges ç ê ions.èIn this
èèèèèèèèèèmanner, ê positive charge is 3(+2) = +6, å ê
èèèèèèèèèènegative charge is 2(-3) = -6.èYou can see that ê
èèèèèèèèèènet charge is zero (+6 + (-6) = 0).
The formulas ç bïary ionic compounds are written as simply as possible
because ê formula gives only ê relative numbers ç ions ï a formula
unit.èLead(IV) oxide consists ç PbÅó å Oìú ions.èOne PbÅó ion
balances two Oìú ions å ê formula is PbO╖, not Pb╖O╣.
6èThe formula ç lithium nitride is...
A) LiN. B) LiN╕.
C) Li╕N. D) Li╖N╕.
üèLi is ï Group 1 å forms ê Lió ion.èN is ï Group 15 å
forms ê NÄú ion.èThree lithium ions are necessary ë balance ê
charge ç one nitride ion.èThe formula is Li╕N.
Ç C
7èThe formula ç iron(II) chloride is...
A) FeCl╖. B) Fe╖Cl.
C) FeCl. D) Fe╕Cl╖.
üèIron is a transition metal so ê charge is ïdicated by ê
Roman numeral.èThe cation is Feìó.èCl is ï Group 17 å forms ê Clú
ion.èTwo chloride ions are necessary ë balance ê charge ç ê iron
ion.èThe formula is FeCl╖.
Ç A
8èThe formula ç silver sulfide is ...
A) AgS. B) AgS╖.
C) Ag╖S. D) Ag╢╢S╢╗.
üèSilver forms only one common monaëmic cation, Agó.èSulfur is ï
Group 16 å forms a -2 anion.èTwo silver ions are needed ë balance ê
charge ç one sulfide ion.èThe formula is Ag╖S.
Ç C
9èThe formula ç tï(IV) chloride or stannic chloride is ...
A) Ti╣Cl. B) Sn╣Cl.
C) SnCl╣. D) TiCl.
üèTï, Sn, forms two common monaëmic cations, Snìó å SnÅó.èThe
Roman numeral four tells us that ê tï ion ï this compound is SnÅó.
The older name is stannic ion.è(The stannous ion is Snìó.)èThe chloride
ion is Clú.èIn order ë have ê charges balance, each tï ion requires
four chloride ions.èThe formula is SnCl╣.
Ç C
10èThe formula ç potassium bromide is ...
A) PBr. B) PoBr.
C) PmBr. D) KBr.
üèPotassium is ï Group 1 å has ê symbol, K.èThe elements ï
Group 1 form +1 cations.èBromïe, Br, is ï Group 17 å forms a -1 ion.
Each potassium ion, Kó, will be quite happy with one bromide ion, Brú.
The formula is KBr.
Ç D